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Aside from "holocaust," there is no uglier term to the Jewish people than "blood libel," the historical canard that Jews murdered Christian children in order to use their blood for ritualistic purposes. Throughout the ages, anti-Semites have leveled such accusations to justify their evil behavior.

Helmut Walser Smith examines one of the most contentious examples of this ugly phenomenon in <B>The Butcher’s Tale: Murder and Anti-Semitism in a German Town</B>.

The case in question involves the murder and mutilation of an 18-year-old boy in the town of Konitz, Germany, at the turn of the century. The boy’s body was found, in several pieces, by a nearby river. (A warning to readers: Smith is extremely graphic in his depictions of the crime.) Because the remains were devoid of blood (religious laws dictate that all blood must be drained in order for meat to be considered kosher), the townspeople resurrected "blood libel" as the explanation and looked for someone who had the knowledge to perpetrate such a heinous crime. Suspicion fell on Adolph Lewy, a Jewish butcher. As the investigation into the young man’s death progressed, more and more people came forth to offer "testimony," or more accurately, their own hare-brained notions of what happened and how. Anti-Semitic journalists arrived to cover the various hearings and trials, fanning the flames of unrest.

The author, an associate professor of history at Vanderbilt University, offers a brief explanation of the "blood libel" concept and the tragic consequences it often held for the Jews of Europe. He portrays the townspeople of Konitz who offered statements against Lewy as being of such low quality (drunkards or "mental defectives") that it’s amazing anyone in a position of authority could take their testimony seriously. Smith does a fascinating job of trying to prove Levy’s innocence and identify a likely culprit. His book may make readers uncomfortable. If so, it has served a valuable purpose.

<I>Ron Kaplan writes from Montclair, New Jersey</I>.

Aside from "holocaust," there is no uglier term to the Jewish people than "blood libel," the historical canard that Jews murdered Christian children in order to use their blood for ritualistic purposes. Throughout the ages, anti-Semites have leveled such accusations to justify their evil behavior.

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At the ripe old age of 24, Banana Yoshimoto became the literary critics’ darling and an overnight publishing sensation in Japan with the release of her lyrical novella Kitchen. Today, a dozen-odd years down the road, Banana-mania continues unabated. Conservative Japanese critics kvetch, complaining that Yoshimoto’s novels are not steeped in Japanese culture and tradition, but her legions of admirers know better. Few contemporary writers are more adept at capturing the urban angst and exhaustion of Japan’s unfocused young people.

Yoshimoto’s latest, Goodbye Tsugumi, is the story of three teenaged cousins who live in a traditional Japanese inn on the coast. It will likely be the last summer they spend together: Maria is moving to Tokyo with her parents; Yoko will be moving with her parents when they complete plans for a new hotel; and Tsugumi is dying. In her public persona, Tsugumi is frail and waifish, pale and beautiful, soft-spoken and sweet. Among her family and close confidantes, though, Tsugumi is nothing short of a raving harridan, Japanese-style. Thoroughly spoiled and frequently malicious, Tsugumi provokes fights, lies constantly and generally makes life miserable for those around her. Then, enigmatically, she will do or say something so transcendently kind and beautiful, it’s hard to imagine that both halves exist in one person. Now, for one final summer, the three girls will hang out together, walk along the deserted beach, reminisce and indulge in summer romances.

Goodbye Tsugumi is told in the first person by Maria, who shares a particularly complex relationship with her charismatic cousin. As Tsugumi’s health wavers, Maria confronts for the first time the possibility that the girl might die, and possibly soon. It is an unsettling realization for Maria, as it threatens all of her notions of home, love, family and belonging.

Fans of Haruki Murakami will find a kindred spirit in Yoshimoto, but it is too easy, and more than a bit unfair, to compare her writing just to other Japanese authors. Yoshimoto credits Stephen King as one of her major influences, but it would be equally reasonable to compare her to such diverse talents as Anne Tyler and Douglas Coupland. On the one hand, Yoshimoto crafts the sort of rich dialogues and relationships that Tyler is famous for; on the other hand, she captures the elusive voice of alienated youth, Japanese Gen-X.

As is the case with several of Yoshimoto’s previous novels, Goodbye Tsugumi doesn’t really have a beginning, middle and end. It is rather a snapshot of a life, or lives, out of balance, sometimes visibly, sometimes just beneath the surface. Yoshimoto brings to the table compelling characters, a spare and ethereal manner of writing and an eye for the way in which terrible experiences shape one’s life.

At the ripe old age of 24, Banana Yoshimoto became the literary critics' darling and an overnight publishing sensation in Japan with the release of her lyrical novella Kitchen. Today, a dozen-odd years down the road, Banana-mania continues unabated. Conservative Japanese critics kvetch, complaining that…
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In his best-selling memoir, Father Joe, Tony Hendra expressed the concern that to write a great novel I’ll have to get to know some really wicked people. Whether he met those people is unknown, but Hendra has written a new novel about some pretty wicked people and the ways they search for salvation. In The Messiah of Morris Avenue, Hendra draws a funny, frightening portrait of a militantly Christian America, where Hollywood is rechristened Holywood and two enormous churches vie for control of the hearts and minds of American citizens. Meanwhile, Jose Kennedy, a Hispanic man living in the Bronx, begins performing miracles and preaching about the true trinity: the father, the mother and the son. He claims to be the second coming of Jesus, come back to earth to explain all the things he said and did the first time around. Johnny Greco, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist whose career was ruined by the Reverend Sabbath, spiritual adviser to the president and CEO of fundamentalist Christianity, begins investigating Kennedy for his Internet news job. When Greco meets the enigmatic Kennedy, he is charmed (as readers will be) by the quiet passion of the self-proclaimed prophet, but remains skeptical about his otherworldly origin. The book follows the stories of Greco, Kennedy and Sabbath as their paths cross and the very future of the world hangs in the balance. This story is full of satire and sarcasm, sometimes a little too close to reality to actually be funny. What this book has to say about media, religion and culture is as valid in our society as in Hendra’s imagined one. Greco guides us through this story with the clear-eyed skepticism one would expect from a seasoned journalist, allowing readers to draw their own conclusions about whether anyone in this tale really got the redemption they were looking for, or if redemption is even possible. And while the ending of this book is inevitable, you’ll still want to go along for the ride with Jose’s Apostle Posse. Sarah E. White is a freelance writer in Arkansas.

In his best-selling memoir, Father Joe, Tony Hendra expressed the concern that to write a great novel I'll have to get to know some really wicked people. Whether he met those people is unknown, but Hendra has written a new novel about some pretty wicked…
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It’s amazing where a dream can take a person, or in this case, a cow. But out to sea? Who ever heard of such a thing? Little Moo, that’s who. In Lisa Wheeler’s latest title, Sailor Moo: Cow at Sea, we follow a courageous and determined young cow as she sets out to become a sailor. The rest of the cows in the pasture are content to stand and graze and chew, but not little Moo. Moo has bigger ideas. She dreams of seeing ocean swells and sniffing ocean smells. So as soon as she is old enough, little Moo leaves the pasture behind and hoofs it to the bay.

Little Moo follows her dream, and she is persistent even when times get tough. She doesn’t back down when Captain Silver Claw shoos her away. Instead, she looks him straight in the eye and offers to be head cook for his ship full of cats (by providing them with milk every day). When Moo can’t understand the cat language spoken on board, she makes friends with the manatees, or cows of the sea, who swim alongside the ship. In a storm, Sailor Moo falls overboard, but thanks to her manatee friends, she is saved and carried to a pirate ship full of cattle. On board, Sailor Moo meets the pirate Red Angus, who instantly falls in love with her and decides to give up the pirate life to marry his dairy queen. Wheeler’s use of rollicking words, whimsical rhymes and a plethora of cow puns make Sailor Moo a joy to read both silently and aloud. And the colorful and witty illustrations by Ponder Goembel are a delight to the eye. Sailor Moo is a story that should be shared with every child, young and old, whether they dream little dreams or big ones. Wheeler reminds us throughout the book that dreams don’t just come true on their own, and they definitely won’t come true if we merely stand, graze and chew through life. Instead, as Wheeler not so subtly portrays, we must take life by the horns.

It's amazing where a dream can take a person, or in this case, a cow. But out to sea? Who ever heard of such a thing? Little Moo, that's who. In Lisa Wheeler's latest title, Sailor Moo: Cow at Sea, we follow a courageous…
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Paige Dunn is smart, beautiful, loving, and, not incidentally, paralyzed from the neck down. Stricken with polio in the 1950s, she gave birth to her daughter, Diana, in an iron lung, and shortly afterward, her husband left her.

Paige is as honest with herself as others, and if such a terrible thing were ever to happen to you, she would be the kind of person you would want to become. She’s a memorable character in award-winning author Elizabeth Berg’s We Are All Welcome Here, but not the only one. Diana, the 13-year-old center of the story, yanked about by hormones, and Peacie, their black practical nurse and housekeeper, along with Peacie’s boyfriend LaRue, all help deliver a quietly keyed story reminiscent in places of To Kill a Mockingbird. It’s a delicate, thoughtful tale of the growing up of a sensitive young girl in the Freedom Summer of 1964 in Tupelo, Mississippi. Diana yearns for release from her world, and writes to movie stars, letting them know that I, too, was an actress and also a playwright, just in case they might be looking for someone. A couple of unlikely things happen in the course of the story, but even a modest deus ex machina incident at the end does not spoil the reader’s enjoyment of this forthright, sometimes slyly amusing novel.

Creating a book based on a reader’s suggestion, no matter how loosely, is something of a no-no for writers, but in her 15th novel Berg has the self-confidence to take someone else’s idea and run with it, in this case a reader’s true story of growing up with a polio-crippled mother. Some authors, with all those novels behind them, plus a couple of other books, would have burned out by this time, but Berg still manages to toss off an image like this: our skies were inky black and so thick with stars it felt as though somebody ought to stir them. Gems like that can’t help but make you look forward to her 16th novel. Maude McDaniel writes from Maryland.

Paige Dunn is smart, beautiful, loving, and, not incidentally, paralyzed from the neck down. Stricken with polio in the 1950s, she gave birth to her daughter, Diana, in an iron lung, and shortly afterward, her husband left her.

Paige is as honest with…
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Best-selling author Jacquelyn Mitchard turns her attention to the fascinating world of mice in Starring Prima! The Mouse of the Ballet Jolie, the punny, funny tale of a precocious mouse blessed with extraordinary balletic skill and a strong desire to dance her way to worldwide fame.

Prima and her many siblings were born in a grand piano that sits backstage at the Ballet Jolie in New York City. And, like her mother (Madame Pianissima) and her grandmother (Madame Mousielle), Prima has a delicacy of step and largesse of leap that quickly separates her from her peers in the mouse ballet. But becoming the prima ballerina of the American Ballet Rodente is not enough for Prima. She wants humans to see her dance! And she wants to dance in Paris, as well! The determined and clever Prima gets herself into varied as she pursues her dreams of fame; her loving parents are at first exasperated and then amused. Even more amusing are Mitchard’s descriptions of the family structure of the mouse world and the activities and pursuits with which the mice fill their days. An encounter with the Nutcracker’s Mouse King is quite memorable, as well.

As in her adult novels (The Deep End of the Ocean, Twelve Times Blessed), Mitchard has created multidimensional characters to whom readers will readily relate. The members of Prima’s family and social circle are presented with care and humor, as are the sympathetic human characters, from Angelo the usher to Prima’s friend Kristen. It is with Kristen that Prima is able to see the world beyond her piano-home. The two learn together about the value of family and the importance of pursuing dreams. Starring Prima!, with its delightful story and whimsical illustrations, will surely leave readers smiling, and perhaps wanting to try a pirouette or two. Linda M. Castellitto is pretty sure her hamster, Geoffrey, knows how to break-dance.

Best-selling author Jacquelyn Mitchard turns her attention to the fascinating world of mice in Starring Prima! The Mouse of the Ballet Jolie, the punny, funny tale of a precocious mouse blessed with extraordinary balletic skill and a strong desire to dance her way to worldwide…
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Bubba and Beau earned a place on our family list of favorites the minute we laid eyes on this adorable duo. Bubba is a big-eyed, bald-headed Southern baby, and Beau is his faithful hound companion. It’s not often that kids and parents adore books equally, but these two always get us hooting. Bubba and Beau Meet the Relatives is their third adventure, after Bubba and Beau: Best Friends and Bubba and Beau Go Night-Night. Seldom has there been a picture book series for young children with such a distinctive, fun voice. Despite the short text, the stories are so rich and well paced that these books even have narrative flow.

Author Kathi Appelt, who lives in Texas, puts a drawl in the story that keeps on kicking, and Arthur Howard’s illustrations are simple masterpieces of energy and humor. Wide-eyed Bubba and Beau both stare as Bib Bubba whips ups his pie. In chapter two, when both find a mud hole, their gleeful wallowing is clear as day. I know of no other artist who can give simple eyes a dot inside a circle so much expression.

One can just imagine what happens when the relatives arrive: Granddaddy Bubba, Grandma Ruby, Aunt Sapphire and little Cousin Arlene and her dog, Bitsy. These last two are dressed in fancy pink bows, and baby Arlene wears a pink and purple ruffled dress. As they all eye each other warily, it’s hard to imagine that the little newcomers will get along with rough-and-tumble Bubba and Beau. But it turns out they’re a barrel of fun, too. The tots and dogs all head straight for that mud hole, and a glorious time ensues. Are relatives coming to your house? Grab this book and you’ll be more than ready for a root-tooting reunion.

Bubba and Beau earned a place on our family list of favorites the minute we laid eyes on this adorable duo. Bubba is a big-eyed, bald-headed Southern baby, and Beau is his faithful hound companion. It's not often that kids and parents adore books equally,…
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Fashion is something most people read about only in glossy magazines, but in Zat Cat! A Haute Couture Tail, her new title for young readers, Chesley McLaren brings the glamorous life to the masses with high good humor. From the sidewalks to the runway, as fashion goes, so does Zat Cat! McLaren’s entertaining tale follows a stray feline through the streets of Paris. And this cat is like no other. He doesn’t chase mice or dig through garbage looking for leftover tuna. No, not Zat Cat. Instead, he enjoys basking in the sun at the Jardin Luxembourg, a beautiful park fit for a king, or lolling at the Louvre, a magnificent museum bursting with treasures. Ultimately, Zat Cat finds himself in the midst of a Paris haute couture fashion show. He is thrilled to watch the models parading down the catwalk: Such glitter, such style, as they twirl down the aisle. But his excitement and curiosity get him into trouble, for when he sneaks into the dressing room, he destroys all of the dresses for the designer’s grand finale. Luckily, as McLaren shows us, fashion is fickle. The audience loves the tattered dresses. The designer becomes la rage de Paree (the hit of Paris) and Zat Cat is hailed as being Beyond le Frais (priceless). McLaren, who spent several years as a fashion designer in New York City, knows the ins and outs of the fashion industry. She has created mannequins for Pucci, as well as window displays, murals and ad campaigns for Saks Fifth Avenue, Neiman Marcus and Bergdorf Goodman. Her illustrations have graced the pages of Vogue, The New York Times and Vogue Espana, for whom she covered the Paris haute couture shows. In Zat Cat! her fabulous illustrations bring to life the enchanting world of haute couture. Perhaps the most entertaining element of the book are the faux French (as she calls them) phrases that McLaren sprinkles throughout the story. Printed in a stylish font, these footnotes provide easy pronunciations and fun definitions that give readers a basic understanding of French words. And what’s more, Zat Cat! gives young readers a taste of French culture and haute couture, which unless they open the cover of Vogue they’re unlikely to find elsewhere. Heidi Henneman is a freelance writer who recently moved from the fashion capital of the U.S. (New York City, of course) to the West Coast.

Fashion is something most people read about only in glossy magazines, but in Zat Cat! A Haute Couture Tail, her new title for young readers, Chesley McLaren brings the glamorous life to the masses with high good humor. From the sidewalks to the runway, as…
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Most of us equate organic with natural and healthy, but when pressed, would probably be unable to explain what differentiates organic foods from their counterparts, other than their higher price. And yet more and more of us are choosing to go organic. Sales of organic food have risen about 20 percent a year since 1990, reaching $11 billion in 2003. Business writer Samuel Fromartz offers some guidance in navigating the complex world of organics in his new book Organic, Inc.: Natural Foods and How They Grew.

Fromartz’s journalistic approach, as well as his personal passion for the topic, makes his book an easy read. Through compelling business snapshots of natural foods players like Whole Foods Market, Earthbound Farm bagged salad mix and Silk soy milk, he charts the growth of organic food from its anti-industrial origins. His most compelling portraits are of the small farmers at the heart of the organic foods movement. I am a consumer who began to buy organic food, and then wanted to understand why, he writes. I sought to parse the myths from the realities and meet the people who were feeding me. That’s a noble cause, yet few of us have the time or inclination to rise at 3:30 a.m. to shadow Jim and Moie Crawford, partners in the Tuscarora Organic Growers Co-op, as they load their truck in Hustontown, Pennsylvania, and make a two-and-a-half hour trek to a farmer’s market in Washington, D.C. Thanks to Fromartz, we don’t have to; he sketches out the big and small players in the organic marketplace and their struggles.

Rooted in a patchwork of ideologies and movements from the pesticide backlash to the late ’60s counter-culture movement to the current trend toward eating locally the organic industry is now at a crossroads, Fromartz believes. Growth cannot occur if the ideals become compromised, but the ideals can’t come to fruition without the growth, he writes. Expect to observe how it all plays out in the aisle of your supermarket soon.

Most of us equate organic with natural and healthy, but when pressed, would probably be unable to explain what differentiates organic foods from their counterparts, other than their higher price. And yet more and more of us are choosing to go organic. Sales of…
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Though she was only a child, the memory of cheering white soldiers on to victory in the Rhodesian war haunts Alexandra Fuller, and probably always will. Fuller, author of the acclaimed memoir Don’t Let’s Go to the Dogs Tonight, understands that war which ultimately led to black minority rule and democratic elections probably as well as anyone alive today.

It was a war about race, she explains in her latest book Scribbling the Cat. Minority white leaders did not want to surrender the upper hand in Rhodesia, later renamed Zimbabwe. Even so, the good guys are not always so easy to sort from the bad guys: black soldiers fought on the side of white oppression and black communities have been known to nurture their own tyrants. On a visit to her parents in Zambia, Fuller concludes that writing about the war from the point of view of “K,” who fought to keep Rhodesia white, will unlock previously untold secrets. She contrives to travel with him to Mozambique, the site of many war atrocities. They travel in about the worst discomfort imaginable unpaved roads, a dearth of modern plumbing and no refrigeration. Being on the road with a nosy journalist might try anyone’s patience, and K is no exception. Adding to the tension, K has a crush on Fuller. Fuller hopes to deliver something meaningful about the nature of war and the scars it leaves on its fighters, especially those whom contemporary ethics have found to be in the wrong. K discloses gruesome memories; most shocking is his assault on a young village woman who later died after betraying the location of Rhodesian liberation soldiers. But K’s stories don’t add up to much in the way of revelation or insight.

“Nothing K and Mapenga had told me, or shown me and nothing I could ever write about them could undo the pain of their having being on the planet,” she writes. Her frustration in trying to make sense of war’s horror is her finest point.

Though she was only a child, the memory of cheering white soldiers on to victory in the Rhodesian war haunts Alexandra Fuller, and probably always will. Fuller, author of the acclaimed memoir Don't Let's Go to the Dogs Tonight, understands that war which ultimately led…
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Because children are so non-judgmental, teaching them about history is fun. All you need to do is to give them the facts. They don’t want or need too much information about motives or causes. It’s enough to tell them the Civil War was about slavery; they’ll learn soon enough about tariffs and cotton and John Brown and Gettysburg.

Kenneth C. Davis has been simplifying subjects for adults for years in his Don’t Know Much series. So it’s child’s play (pardon the pun) for him and illustrator Pedro Martin to bring history to life for children in their new book, Don’t Know Much About the Presidents. All 43 chiefs of state, from George W. to George W. Bush are presented in chronological order. Each entry ranges from one to three pages, and each is loaded with interesting facts about the man and his presidency. A handy timeline runs along the bottom of every page to help situate individual presidents within American history.

Kids can see humor in everything, and Don’t Know Much is loaded with pertinent and funny illustrations. A picture of William Henry Harrison giving his inaugural address in his undershirt, in the rain adds a humorous counterpoint to the serious fact that he died of pneumonia as a result of the two-hour speech. Young students of history will love this book for its facts and for the laughs it elicits. They’ll learn a lot while they’re at it, and so will their parents. If your child doesn’t know much about the presidents, give them this book then you can both learn more!

Because children are so non-judgmental, teaching them about history is fun. All you need to do is to give them the facts. They don't want or need too much information about motives or causes. It's enough to tell them the Civil War was about slavery;…
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Are widespread layoffs a normal and necessary part of U.S. business? No, says Louis Uchitelle in The Disposable American: Layoffs and Their Consequences. Uchitelle, an award-winning New York Times business writer, traces the history of work since the rise of corporate America, providing an interesting perspective on how various laws, policies and programs have affected American business and vice versa. Job security, he maintains, a given into the 1970s, has given way to job insecurity due to massive layoffs affecting both blue- and white-collar workers. Since the early 1980s, at least 30 million full-time workers have lost their jobs, and many have not recovered financially or emotionally, leading to a festering national crisis. To illustrate, Uchitelle profiles the layoffs of Stanley Works toolmakers, United Airlines aircraft mechanics and a number of white-collar workers. Their stories sometimes read more like an American nightmare than the realization of the American dream. Upon reading The Disposable American, one can’t help but think something has gone radically wrong. While in the short term, layoffs might appear to be the right response, in the long term they often are not. The hoped-for efficiency and profitability don’t always materialize. If layoffs weren’t such an easy-to-exercise option, Uchitelle asserts, there would be fewer ineffective mergers and less outsourcing. Furthermore, there would be a decrease in the amount of production and services moving to foreign competitors and overseas subsidiaries of American companies. Yes, there are opportunities available for laid-off workers. But there isn’t enough of the right kind of work available, and government and private industry aren’t doing enough to create it, Uchitelle argues. Additional education and training, when available and appropriate, only go so far. He recommends implementing policies and procedures to count layoffs more accurately so the magnitude of the problem becomes more obvious, and companies are held more accountable. This informative book should be of interest to all Americans.

Are widespread layoffs a normal and necessary part of U.S. business? No, says Louis Uchitelle in The Disposable American: Layoffs and Their Consequences. Uchitelle, an award-winning New York Times business writer, traces the history of work since the rise of corporate America, providing an…
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Neither Tolkien nor C.S. Lewis could have devised a panorama of personages and events more fantastic than the one which befell the human race at the dawn of its recorded history. Starting around 900 B.C.

E., four separate civilizations experienced a spiritual transformation spanning some seven centuries. The peoples in the regions now called Greece, India, China and Israel developed ethical ideas so consistent with each other that their independent evolution is a matter of pure astonishment.

This cross-cultural axis of religious awakening was first discerned and described 60 years ago by the German philosopher Karl Jaspers, who believed that history possessed both a clear origin and an achievable goal. Our generation’s premiere historian of religious thought, Karen Armstrong, is naturally less optimistic about humanity’s course, but she feels all the more impelled to provide a direction through her own writings. At the very outset of her monumental new book, The Great Transformation: The Beginning of Our Religious Traditions, Armstrong articulates the dire necessity to recognize and recreate the Axial Age of the first millennium B.C.

E. Her enterprise is so urgent the global stakes could not be higher that it demands a structure both simple and tremendous: she composes a historical symphony in four movements, one Greek, one Indian, one Chinese and one Hebrew. But just as, from our perspective, the different trees of thought in these four civilizations intertwine their branches, so too do the distinct movements of Armstrong’s prose symphony insinuate themselves into each other, chapter by chapter, under the headings of certain spiritual principles.

What are these radical principles of the Axial Age? First, the ability to recognize the divine in both the other and oneself, along with a likening of the other to oneself an empathy later to be called The Golden Rule. Second, the rise of introspection and self-discovery over external ritual and magic. Third, the recognition of the inevitability of suffering and the development of spiritual technologies for transcending it. Fourth, the capacity to see things as they really are a realism terribly undervalued in our own time. Fifth, the spread of knowledge, beyond the confines of an elite, to ordinary folk. Sixth, an awareness of the limitations of human knowledge. In all four geographical regions of the Axial Age, these gospels were long in coming and short in staying. What’s far worse, they are so familiar to us these days particularly through the sayings of that latter-day child of the Axial Age, Jesus of Nazareth that we can recognize neither the awesome strangeness of their universality nor their potential to change the world. The Buddha and Socrates, Confucius and Jeremiah were foremost among the many sages of those centuries. Could Armstrong be the first sage of a second Axial Age? It is literally up to the reader to decide. Michael Alec Rose is a music professor at Vanderbilt University.

Neither Tolkien nor C.S. Lewis could have devised a panorama of personages and events more fantastic than the one which befell the human race at the dawn of its recorded history. Starting around 900 B.C.

E., four separate civilizations experienced a spiritual transformation spanning…

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