Jay MacDonald

Interview by

For more than a year, journalist Norah Vincent experienced life in a man’s loafers. To make sure she would “pass” as a fellow she named Ned, she cut her hair in a flattop, applied stubble to simulate a five o’clock shadow, squeezed into an extra-small sports bra to conceal her breasts, wore a male appendage she nicknamed “Sloppy Joe” inside a jock strap, and studied with a Julliard tutor to acquire a man’s voice and phrasing. With the help of horn-rimmed glasses and Ivy League attire, she indeed became a Self-Made Man, the title of her new book describing a journey into manhood and back that nearly became a descent into madness.

Through five states in three regions of the country (all unnamed), Ned Vincent embedded himself in the male landscape: he made buddies, joined a men’s bowling team, went to strip clubs, dated women, joined a monastery, attended a male therapy group and even experienced the brutal realities of a high-pressure sales job.

Contrary to what many might expect, Vincent found that a man’s lot is no easier—and is in many ways more emotionally draining—than that of a woman.

“I suspect people will go into this thinking oh, it’s written by a lesbian, she’s going to be male-bashing all the way down the line,” Vincent says by phone from Manhattan. “But my experience was one that made me feel very vulnerable and made me feel a lot of pain and difficulty. While all of us in the post-feminist movement are convinced that women have always had it worse and men have always had it better, it took me stepping into their shoes to realize that that’s not true at all.”

Vincent had grown progressively weary of writing op-ed pieces for the Los Angeles Times, where she’d become known, and routinely pummeled, as “the libertarian lesbian.” When a friend convinced her to dress in drag for an evening in the East Village, she took the dare and stumbled onto an adventure in immersion journalism that proved irresistible.

“You find yourself suddenly in a situation where all the social rules are different,” Vincent says by phone from Manhattan. “I likened it to suddenly hearing sounds that only dogs can hear.” Case in point: when Norah would walk through her neighborhood, the guys hanging outside the bodegas would ogle her; when Ned walked by, they would completely ignore him.

“It was really astounding the difference when I walked by those same places as a man and nobody would look me in the eye; it was a concerted looking-away. Even if you were a good-looking guy, women would check you out in a very surreptitious way that isn’t confrontational. There was a relief in that invisibility,” she says.

Rather than organize her observations chronologically or geographically, Vincent sorts her chapters by topic: Friendship, Love, Sex, Work, etc. In “Friendship,” Ned bowls weekly (and weakly) with three blue-collar Joes who accept him despite his peculiarities (he doesn’t smoke or drink). In “Sex,” Ned endures the mechanical loneliness of a strip club. In “Love,” he dates women for whom Ned is more Mr. Close than Mr. Right.

The rejection that Ned experiences in the dating scene had a powerful impact on Norah. “It’s awful. I think most women don’t have any idea how much guts it takes, how much emotional energy and confidence it takes to approach a woman,” she says. “Men need ego because they don’t get to show weakness and they don’t get to show need, they have to compensate for it by a sense of, I can do this, I’m entitled, because that’s all they have.”

While guys may appear brutish, undemonstrative and unfeeling on the surface, Vincent found that inside they’re as victimized as women by their gender socialization, the “straitjacket of the male role.” What’s more, although it won’t please many feminists, Vincent concludes that women, not men, actually call the shots, at least where hooking up is concerned.

“When you see it from a guy’s point of view, you really realize that, if nothing else, at the most basic sexual level, women can really take it or leave it most of the time,” she says. “Just that aspect alone already gives us a leg up because we get to choose; we get to say, I’ll take you but I won’t take you. That’s a lot of power.”

Unlike John Howard Griffin, who dyed his skin to pass as an African American in Black Like Me, Vincent never felt in physical danger while disguised as Ned. Even when she revealed her true identity, as she ultimately did with many of the men she met as Ned, most were comfortable continuing their friendship.

But the daily commute between man and woman eventually took its psychological toll on Vincent, and it took her months to recover from the ordeal.

“That was hard. I had learned to present myself in a more male way mentally—not just in how I looked—and I needed to step away from that, to slowly undo that. I had to reclaim myself.”

Vincent admits she didn’t particularly care for Ned: “I wish I’d been a cooler guy, which maybe was a great thing because it was a typical male experience. I felt a little bit geeky and inadequate. I wish I’d been more of a stud.”

That said, did she hold on to any part of Ned’s character?

“Yeah. I don’t know if you can print this, but I certainly held on to a piece of his balls (laughs). As Hamlet would say, probably the strongest remaining male advantage is ‘thinking makes it so.’ It’s that feeling that, when I’m feeling afraid of something I have to do or I’m feeling unequal to it, I say to myself, just do it. Don’t think about it, just get up and do it. There is a way in which that is a gift that men have that compensates for all the things they don’t have.”

Jay MacDonald writes professionally from Oxford, Mississippi.

With the help of horn-rimmed glasses and Ivy League attire, journalist Nora Vincent indeed became a Self-Made Man, the title of her new book describing a journey that nearly became a descent into madness.
Interview by

Jodi Picoult will go to the ends of the earth to confront her readers with unsettling truths they’d rather not face. Case in point: while researching The Tenth Circle, her 13th and most adventurous novel yet, the intrepid author huddled inside an Eskimo hut in the dead of winter with a frozen moose thawing on the sideboard to glean the ancient Inuit wisdom necessary to breathe life into a story about . . . date rape?

Picoult’s fans have come to expect the unexpected from the Hanover, New Hampshire, mother of three whose topical novels explore how family relationships bend and twist under the strain of an ethical or moral crisis. Her every-parent’s-nightmare fears have led her to peek into some pretty dark closets: teen suicide (The Pact), stigmata (Keeping Faith) and child abduction (Vanishing Acts).

But in The Tenth Circle, she outdoes herself by somehow managing to combine Eskimos, comic books, teen sex and Dante Alighieri with a straight face. Put that way, the audacity of it tickles even the author.

"Let’s see, Dante, comic books, Alaska—go talk among yourselves! Find the connection!" she roars. "It’s a seemingly unrelated group of topics but they all somehow get together."

It is a testament to Picoult’s storytelling prowess that the reader never pauses to examine the parts, so immersed are we from the very first page in this powerful, believable and yes, frequently uncomfortable tale.

The Tenth Circle is both the novel’s title and the name of the comic book drawn by protagonist Daniel Stone, a comic book illustrator and stay-at-home dad whose wife Laura teaches Dante’s Inferno at the local college in Bethel, Maine. Daniel, who grew up as the only white boy in an Eskimo village, was a rebellious youth. Now he funnels his anger into his comic book alter ego, the Immortal Wildclaw. As the novel progresses, so does his comic book in progress, several pages of which appear at intervals throughout the novel, giving us insight into Daniel’s Dante-esque descent into hell.

"The primary reason the graphic novel is there is because Daniel is not a man of words, he’s a man of art," Picoult explains. "His character is not going to come to you from what he can reveal to you in words; it’s going to come from what he can reveal to you in pictures."

The Stones’ pride and joy is 14-year-old Trixie, who has just been dumped by Jason, the captain of the hockey team. In a desperate attempt to win Jason back, Trixie attends an unsupervised party at which sexual activity is the basis for party games. Drugs enter the picture and by evening’s end, Trixie accuses Jason of date rape. What happens next takes more surprising turns than an arctic winter.

If you’ve never heard of adolescent sex games like Rainbow and Stoneface, brace yourself—this ain’t Spin the Bottle. Picoult got the 411 on "hooking up" from her teenage babysitters, and was as shocked as most parents will be at what she learned.

" I live in a pretty small place and if these things are happening here, guess what? They’re happening everywhere. All kids now are in the random hookup stage; if you go and ask your average teenager, that’s what’s cool: not to have a boyfriend but to do some kind of sexual act and then just dismiss it. There is this stripping away of honest emotions that scares the hell out of me. They don’t engage and they don’t connect. If they do, it’s like Velcro: you pull it together and then you rip it apart and there’s nothing even semi-permanent."

Picoult hopes the party scene will shake up other parents. "I would much rather they be horrified and start talking about it with their kids than go on pretending or thinking that it’s not happening."

For advice on the comic book, which she wrote and integrated into the story with the help of artist Dustin Weaver, Picoult consulted her 12-year-old son.

" I was never a 13-year-old boy, so I didn’t read comic books, ever," she says. "For me, the story I was telling was how there is good and evil in everybody and how that plays out, and that’s what every good comic book is about. So it was the right venue for it. I wasn’t going to have some guy painting Impressionist art."

To bring the disparate elements together required the wintertime trip to a remote Alaskan village, both to obtain the necessary background on Daniel and the details of dog-sledding that figure into the plot. In January 2004, Picoult hopped a cargo plane full of sled dogs to Bethel, Alaska, still two hours south of her destination.

" All I’m going to say is, I wore every single thing I had in my bag at once and I still needed to borrow clothes," she recalls. "It was minus 38 degrees without the wind chill; with wind chill, it was something like 75 below."

In the village, besides a thawing moose, she met with an elder named Moses who shared a native belief that became central to The Tenth Circle. "They believe that at any moment, a man can become an animal and an animal can become a man," she says. "That played beautifully into comic book culture as well as the general nature of human rage."

Picoult is enjoying reader reaction to her novel/graphic novel experiment.

"Some read it in exactly the order that it appears in the book, some want to read the entire book and then go back and read the comic book, others do it the other way around," she says. "If you’re looking for a trademark Picoult novel that’s going to make you think about right and wrong and moral and ethical issues, that’s there, too. This is kind of like Picoult-plus!"

Jay MacDonald writes from Oxford, Mississippi.

 

Jodi Picoult will go to the ends of the earth to confront her readers with unsettling truths they'd rather not face. Case in point: while researching The Tenth Circle, her 13th and most adventurous novel yet, the intrepid author huddled inside an Eskimo hut…

Interview by

San Francisco thrift shop owner Charlie Asher is in first-time-father fluster when his ever-so-patient wife Rachel shoos him from the recovery room so she and baby Sophie can catch a break from his obsessive TLC. He gets no farther than the minivan when he spies his wife’s favorite Sarah McLachlan CD and turns heel to hustle it back to her quarters. When he arrives, he finds a tall black man decked out in Andes-Mint green standing at her bedside. Startled that both father and newborn can apparently see him, the minty one awkwardly informs Charlie that Rachel is dead, and then vanishes amid the rush of crash carts and the futile attempts to revive her.

It’s a heck of a way to start a comedy, but then, as the title of Christopher Moore’s ninth novel suggests, death is indeed A Dirty Job.

Bereaved, Charlie tracks down the angel of death. His name is Minty Fresh, and he informs Charlie that, because he could see him in Rachel’s room, he, like Minty, is a "death merchant" whose calling is to attend certain death scenes, retrieve the departing soul in a vessel and convey it to a new body. They’re not grim reapers, he explains, but grim sowers—or should be. The problem is, Charlie seems to be causing deaths, and to his horror, so is baby Sophie, not an attractive quality in a newborn.

Soon Charlie finds himself in a battle to the death with raven-like Dark Forces that swoop from the sewers, cruise in a vintage Cadillac and threaten Armageddon, or at least a bad case of bird flu. It’s up to Charlie, his Goth assistant Lily, Minty Fresh and a pint-sized army whose souls are double-parked in the bodies of squirrels to save San Francisco when its (death) ship comes in.

If anyone can truly laugh in the face of death, it would be Moore. Good-hearted, well intentioned, utterly fearless and totally irreverent, the one-time Ohio State anthropology major previously cannonballed into such treacherous waters as the life of Jesus (Lamb: The Gospel According to Biff, Christ’s Childhood Pal), and laid waste to Christmas books by combining brain-eating zombies with a murderous Santa Claus in The Stupidest Angel.

All kidding aside however, it was a personal loss that inspired A Dirty Job.

"My mom passed away in 1999 and I was her primary caretaker for the last five months of her life. It was one of the most difficult things I’ve ever done, and I do think it changed the way I look at everything," he says from his home on the Hawaiian island of Kauai. " It was the seminal experience informing this book and a big motivator for writing it. I’m not sure that the book helped me deal with my mother’s passing as much as it sort of paid homage to her and the people who care for the dying. I was profoundly impressed by the people who work with hospice."

Moore being Moore, there was only one way to deal with death.

"Actually, having been through a number of death and dying situations in the last few years, I found that it was quite natural to go to the humor button in dealing with death. I also found that the people who seemed to weather the death of a loved one the best were those who could keep access to their sense of humor, so it seemed very natural to have fun with the subject," he says.

Moore doesn’t get weighed down in religious doctrine. Instead, he posits a perfectly rational, if slightly chaotic, means by which life, death and reincarnation might occur. I mean, who’s to say a Sarah McLachlan CD might not serve as a perfectly acceptable soul coaster?

"I wanted to pay attention to the idea of the ongoing nature of the soul, but I was really trying not to duplicate stuff that had come before me," he admits. "There have been a lot of spooky, Sixth Sense sorts of stories on death and dying and I was trying to steer clear of replicating their mechanisms, so by reaction, mine became kind of convoluted. I didn’t outright reject or accept any paradigms or belief systems, I just tried to present the possibility that there was an underlying order to the ascension of the soul that would work within the spiritual framework of a Buddhist, a Christian, a Hindu, whoever."

Don’t expect a straight answer on his personal view of reincarnation, however.

"I believe at some point in my spiritual evolution my soul did a stint as a two-slice toaster," he says. "I can feel the toast of my inner being, but only two slices. Weird, huh?"

Moore’s anthropology studies have served him well: his books have been inspired by living among the colorful natives of Micronesia (Island of the Sequined Love Nun), meeting a Native American shaman in Montana (Coyote Blue), hanging with marine biologists in Hawaii (Fluke) and exploring San Francisco (Bloodsucking Fiends). His next book will be a sequel to Fiends, his 1995 vampire romp, set once again in his favorite city by the bay.

"San Francisco has such a great contrast of architecture, with natural beauty, dark and light, art and commerce, plus all the different ethnic cultures, it’s like a big party bowl of weirdness," he says. "It’s still an inspirational setting for a macabre story. San Francisco still feels like a natural habitat for vampires."

If he’s been able to lighten us up just a little on the gloomy subject of death, Moore says he will have completed his dirty job.

"One of the things that eludes me is how people will hush you when you make a death joke, as if Death will hear you. It’s that fear of irony thing: Don’t say that, you could die yourself someday. Well duh! That’s sort of the point of the book, isn’t it? No one gets out alive; we might as well laugh at it."

Jay MacDonald enjoys every sandwich he eats in Oxford, Mississippi.

 

San Francisco thrift shop owner Charlie Asher is in first-time-father fluster when his ever-so-patient wife Rachel shoos him from the recovery room so she and baby Sophie can catch a break from his obsessive TLC. He gets no farther than the minivan when he…

Interview by

Julia Cameron can overlook the fact that author James Frey embellished A Million Little Pieces; what irks her is that Oprah deigned to endorse the now-infamous memoir. "It made me mad at Oprah. I thought it was irresponsible of her to so love an anti-AA book," Cameron says by phone from her home in Manhattan.

"He [Frey] never really got into recovery in the sense of having to do soul-searching, inventory, restitution—any of the parts of rebuilding. It was just like, I stopped using. Isn't it good the storm's over?' Well yes, but it didn't seem to suggest the entire expanse of life that opens up once you get sober. It's not just quitting the drink; it's finding a spiritual path. Once you do that, you can go anywhere."

Cameron knows. She's been there and back: smashed to sober, lost to enlightened, with occasional detours into madness that she now controls with the help of her psychopharmacologist and daily doses of Abilify.

In her candid memoir, Floor Sample, Cameron recounts her steep and frequently harrowing climb out of alcoholism and psychosis and onto a self-styled spiritual path to creativity that she first shared with readers in her 1992 bestseller The Artist's Way.

In the mid-1970s, Cameron was a hot young magazine writer living in Washington, D.C., who modeled herself on hard-drinking literary lionesses Lillian Hellman and Dorothy Parker. One day, Playboy commissioned her to interview a rising young New York director named Martin Scorsese.

"I was at a lunch table at the King Cole Bar at the St. Regis hotel and he walked in, sat down, and I said my God, I've met the man I'm going to marry!" she recalls. "I had never thought about getting married. I had always thought I was going to be a writer so I had pictured a sort of solitary path. But when I met Martin, I just fell totally in love. He was enchanting; he still is."

Marry they did, and in 1976 collaborated on the birth of a daughter, Domenica.

"It was like marrying into a Who's Who, but before they were," Cameron says. "Martin was not yet famous, Steve Spielberg wasn't famous, Robert DeNiro wasn't famous. Everyone became famous simultaneously, so there was no grounding. It was crazy for everybody."

Scorsese's career skyrocketed as a result of Taxi Driver and the newlyweds suddenly became A-listers with unlimited access to excess. The marriage didn't survive the pressures of Scorsese's sudden fame and his wife's growing dependence on alcohol.

"I was what, in retrospect, I call a Cup o' Soup alcoholic; I had a blackout the first time I went drinking and most people don't," she says.

Cameron quit drinking in 1978 and found to her surprise that the good times weren't over but actually just beginning.

"I lost a world but I gained a world. I lost Martin and all of our mutual friends, and for a long time I thought the party had moved on without me. Everyone else kept right on moving at high velocity and I skidded to a halt and said, this has to change or I'm dead."

Adrift as a single mom, Cameron depended on her sober friends for guidance, though she didn't like their suggestions at first. "When I got sober, they said to me, you've got to believe in some positive greater being of some sort, and I said, you don't understand, I was raised Roman Catholic, this is the greased slide to agnosticism. But I started casting around for what I could believe in and I came up with a line from Dylan Thomas: 'The force that through the green fuse drives the flower.' So I crystallized it; I can believe in creative energy."

Spiritual student and creativity teacher, Cameron ping-ponged between Taos, New Mexico, Los Angeles and New York assembling the creative "tool box" that readers know as The Artist's Way. It recommends a simple creative regimen: write three "morning pages" a day on anything to help overcome internal censors, schedule "artist dates" to invite inspiration and let God take care of the quality.

It's a system that has worked for Cameron, who says she's a floor sample of her techniques. She's written 22 books, numerous plays, screenplays, poetry—even musicals guided by the spirit of Richard Rodgers.

"I tell you, he's a taskmaster!" she chuckles. "Today, I was sitting here doing my morning pages and looking for guidance and when I got to the bottom, there it was: 'Julia, I'd like to see you at the piano. There are melodies waiting for you to find them. There is a show I'm ready to write and I need you to cooperate.' His tone is take no prisoners."

But there were dark periods as well, including breakdowns in which Cameron developed an irrational fear of electricity. "I'm always asking, can't I please stop taking drugs? And the answer is, if you stop taking the drug, you probably have two months before you have a breakdown. Then it seems like a small price to pay."

Cameron still remains in touch with Scorsese through Domenica, a writer and filmmaker who is set to direct her first feature film this fall on her dad's home court, New York City. "The apple doesn't fall far from the tree, I guess," says Cameron, who admits she's still " trying to commit" to the city but loves teaching at the Open Center in SoHo.

Despite the dark subject matter of her memoir, Cameron doesn't view her life as a tragedy, but instead a work in progress.

"I once had a girl say to me, 'I admire you so. You've lost everything,' and until she said that, it had never occurred to me. I think I've had some very dark things happen but I think my temperament is the lemonade-making variety. I find when I'm writing I'm pretty cheerful, which may explain why I've been so productive."

Jay MacDonald is a writer in Mississippi.

 

Julia Cameron can overlook the fact that author James Frey embellished A Million Little Pieces; what irks her is that Oprah deigned to endorse the now-infamous memoir. "It made me mad at Oprah. I thought it was irresponsible of her to so love an…

Interview by

Alan Furst admits he's "not entirely clear" on how he came to be the pre-eminent American writer of World War II spy novels. Beginning with Night Soldiers in 1988, the former journalist has written nine critically acclaimed espionage novels, including his latest, The Foreign Correspondent.

As the grandson of Jewish immigrants growing up in Manhattan, the only spy novels Furst read were by Eric Ambler and Ian Fleming, escapist fare with little grounding in reality. Then, on a 1983 travel story assignment for Esquire, he visited the Soviet Union, his ancestral home, for the first time.

" It was an enormous epiphany for me," Furst says by phone from his apartment in Paris. "I was back where I'd come from and there wasn't any question about that." Furst was frustrated that the Russians dictated when and where he could travel, all with the goal of converting his American dollars into rubles. "I had no desire to go to Moscow; the Russians made you go. If you wanted to go to the Danube, they wouldn't let you go there. My whole life turned on them being such jerks about it.

The intrigue of finding himself in a police state lingered long after that trip; it lingers today, in fact.

" It really hit me like a wind and it wasn't subtle at all," he says. "During World War II, everyone, in Europe at least, thought this might be it, that this was about as much life as they were going to have, and that changes things, especially romantic relationships. And it's right now, immediate, like maybe I'm not going to be here Thursday.

It is Furst's foremost intention, and his greatest gift, to so snugly settle us into the shoes of his characters that we get night sweats waiting for the knock of leather-gloved hands on the door.

In his compact, atmospheric new novel The Foreign Correspondent, Furst embeds us into the web of intrigue that surrounds Carlo Weisz, who, like thousands of Italian journalists, lawyers and intellectuals, fled Mussolini's Italy in 1938 and established a beachfront of the Italian resistance in Paris. When Mussolini's secret police murder the editor of the resistance's underground newspaper Liberazione, Weisz is chosen to replace him. But his covert duties become increasingly hazardous when his day job with Reuters takes him to Berlin during the Nazi ramp-up for war. There, he rekindles a love affair with an old flame whose anti-Nazi friends have volatile information that could burn both the monstrous Mussolini and the Italy Weisz hopes to preserve.

There is a lovely, chilling scene early on when Weisz meets with the unctuous Dr. Martz, Hitler's Minister of Propaganda, over coffee and babka. A jovial glad-hander who once portrayed European buffoons in Hollywood movies, Martz assures Weisz that all the Nazis want from the media is "fair play," especially regarding recent assaults by those unreasonable Poles on innocent, peace-loving Germans.

"[Martz] says, 'Look, we're just asking that our story be told honorably. We have that right, don't we?'" Furst explains. "S—, man, it's the Nazis! But Weisz has to sit for a moment and think, how can I deny this guy what he's asking me? It's very hard to do that because you're raised to believe that it's honorable to give people a chance to speak and present their case and try to be fair."

"When I write these books, the question is always being asked: What would you do [in that situation]?" Furst admits. "Think about all the pressure—pressure from people you know and respect and who like you—and now you have to perform. You don't have to do it; you could say oh, this is too dangerous, I don't want to get involved. But I don't think Weisz was able to say that."

As with Furst's previous spy novels, The Foreign Correspondent examines a slice of European history between 1922 and 1945 from the perspective of a particular vocation that had an impact on WWII.

"I write about vocations, and always have. It frustrates me sometimes in novels where you have a character and you don't find out anything about going to work because, for all of us, a lot of the day is how we're going to make money to pay for this human life," Furst says.

Surprisingly, though, "I've never, ever written about a professional spy as hero," Furst says. " I don't know that I could do it realistically enough. [John] Le Carré, who is experienced, was able to do it brilliantly."

In contrast to his epic earlier works, The Foreign Correspondent is a sprint; short, fast and executed with the elegance of a pro writing at his peak.

"I started life trying to write huge, panoramic, fat books for people to take on long, long airplane rides. Now I want to write more concentrated stuff with narrower walls," he says. "I became extremely interested in what has been called the European existential novel, which is always short, always about one person, and about one sequence of events concentrated over a period of a few months. I like all that kind of thing, all those timeframes and all the ways that books work in that way."

Furst says living in Europe for more than two decades has been seminal to his spycraft.

"It more than contributes; it's central. We have this apartment on a little narrow street where d'Artagnan supposedly lived at one time, and at night everybody closes their shutters. I was just turning the lights off and some man or woman walked up the street and what I heard were footsteps on cobblestones. You never would hear that in America. It wasn't so much that it was filled with intrigue but there was something about it that was so 60 or 70 years ago as it echoed up off the sides of the buildings. That goes on every day and every night here for me in different ways."

 

Jay MacDonald is a writer in Oxford, Mississippi.

Alan Furst admits he's "not entirely clear" on how he came to be the pre-eminent American writer of World War II spy novels. Beginning with Night Soldiers in 1988, the former journalist has written nine critically acclaimed espionage novels, including his latest, The Foreign…

Interview by

Laura Lippman’s crime fiction isn’t torn from the headlines in quite the way one might expect from a former news reporter for the Baltimore Sun. In fact, Lippman’s well-crafted, thought-provoking private eye series featuring Tess Monaghan, as well as her equally compelling stand-alone mysteries, tend to focus on the very people who don’t make the headlines: the poor, the disenfranchised, the minorities and the young people who frequently fall through the sometimes gaping cracks in our human services.

Though she long ago clocked out of daily journalism, Lippman stays close to the poverty and social issues she used to cover by working at a Baltimore soup kitchen on weekends. It was there that she met the struggling teens that inspired Lloyd Jupiter, a homeless, 15-year-old African American who stumbles into very big trouble in Lippman’s ninth Tess Monaghan adventure, No Good Deeds.

It is Tess’ live-in boyfriend Crow who performs good deeds by delivering food to local food kitchens. On his rounds, he encounters Lloyd, who tries to jack him for $5 to change a flat tire that Crow suspects the teenager had caused just minutes before. Instead, Crow offers him shelter from the winter cold. Tess is wary of the troubled kid at her dinner table until, by chance, he indicates he has secret knowledge about the death of Assistant U.S. Attorney Gregory Youssef, whose recent murder has all the earmarks of an unofficial cover-up. When word of Lloyd’s secret brings the feds, the DEA and the FBI down on Tess, Crow takes Lloyd into hiding in hopes of keeping him alive until the case is solved. As the saying goes, no good deed goes unpunished.

" This novel started out as a straight-up homage to Robert Parker’s Early Autumn, in which Spenser takes this kid out into the country and they build a house together and he changes his life. I just loved that book," Lippman says. "But once I created Lloyd Jupiter, I just realized that it would be utterly false to solve all the problems in Lloyd’s life."

Realism above all is central to Lippman’s fiction, even if it means sacrificing the warm-fuzzy endings we all wish for.

"When you’re 15, you find your parents embarrassing no matter what; imagine being 15 and your mom is a heroin addict who is nodding off next to you at the soup kitchen. I don’t know how to say to that kid, well, just work harder, go to school and you’ll be fine. I feel like that is just a callous lie in some ways," she says.

"We’re asking these kids to be geniuses of survival. We don’t expect every kid coming up in a poor neighborhood to have the amazing skills of a LeBron James, we don’t view that as reasonable, but we do kind of ask or assume that they can be in the 99th percentile of survival ability. I was hoping in writing No Good Deeds that people would open their hearts just a little bit to just how difficult it is."

Lippman is equally committed to keeping Tess real.

"The joke in my household is that I like to write characters that are smaller than life," she says. "She’s really flawed; she was always meant to be that, because personally, I don’t like reading about perfect people. I don’t know any, and if I did I would probably find them annoying. I didn’t want Tess to be my fantasy projection. In some ways, I’m a lot smarter than Tess. I always wanted her to be realistic. She throws up in trash cans," Lippman laughs.

An interesting metamorphosis does occur for Tess over the course of No Good Deeds.

"For the average person, the kinds of choices that a kid like Lloyd Jupiter makes are just baffling, they go against everything we think we know about the value of hard work and going to school and paying attention. But as time goes on, Tess herself becomes increasingly skeptical of authority, is scared to tell the truth, doesn’t know who she can trust, and her situation comes to mirror Lloyd’s."

Lippman has always had a strong affinity for the juvenile characters that manage to work their way into the heart of her stories. But expect Tess to have a child of her own any time soon. "I don’t think Tess can have a baby and continue in this series," Lippman says. "I think she could get married but I think the minute you give your character a child, the reader’s tolerance for some of the things Tess does just disappears. If she risks herself, then she risks her child losing a mother. I’ll never say never, but I can’t see it for Tess right now."

After all, Tess has taken on iconic status for Baltimore in the same way Spenser did for Boston and Michael Connelly’s Harry Bosch did for Los Angeles. "One of the spoilers I tell readers is, if you see a character of mine who doesn’t like Baltimore very much, you know there’s something wrong with that guy," Lippman chuckles.

Her reportorial eye for detail, understated prose style and emotional realism have elevated Lippman to the A-list of literary crime writers alongside Lehane, Connelly, Harlan Coben, Robert Crais and George Pelecanos. Lippman suspects the best contemporary literature can now be found in the mystery genre.

"Raymond Chandler said that the difference between literary fiction and crime fiction is that the ordinary mystery gets published and the ordinary literary novel does not. I don’t think that’s true anymore. I love my genre. Why would I want to transcend it? Why would I want to break out of it? It’s a big territory, but the really interesting work is being done at the borderlands."

Jay MacDonald is a writer in Oxford, Mississippi.

 

Laura Lippman's crime fiction isn't torn from the headlines in quite the way one might expect from a former news reporter for the Baltimore Sun. In fact, Lippman's well-crafted, thought-provoking private eye series featuring Tess Monaghan, as well as her equally compelling stand-alone mysteries,…

Interview by

If you reduced the novels, short stories and poetry of Elizabeth Cox to a bumper sticker, it would read: "Life is messy." It is the very untidiness of our ordinary lives, filled with unpredictable and uncontrollable acts of both cruelty and kindness, that consistently grabs her attention, worms its way into her subconscious and eventually springs to life in her work. This distillation process takes time; try as she might, this assured and patient Southern literary voice has managed to produce just three novels and a short story collection during the past two decades while teaching creative writing at Duke, MIT and elsewhere. A poem she recently published in the Atlantic took her 12 years to write. All of which makes the appearance of a new Cox novel a welcome surprise on the order of the Hale-Bopp comet.

In her new novel, The Slow Moon, Cox transports us to South Pittsburg, Tennessee, where the lives of teenage friends will change forever in a single night. When young lovers Crow and Sophie slip away from a late-night party to make love for the first time, the deep wood seems a perfectly romantic setting. But life is messy, and Crow has left his condom in the car. He leaves the disrobed Sophie to retrieve it, only to be delayed again by circumstances. When he returns 20 minutes later, he finds her unconscious, raped and badly battered.

Although most of the close-knit town folk doubt that Crow, the clean-cut scion of the wealthy sawmill owner, had any part in the brutal attack, the traumatized Sophie can’t recall and he’s charged with the crime. Cox uses the days leading up to the trial shrewdly by winding the narrative through the viewpoints of Sophie and Crow, Crow’s younger brother Johnny, Crow’s rock-band mates and their parents. In the process, she wins our empathy for all, even as we slowly realize that the guilty may be among them.

"It’s fascinating how one thing can open up so many different people’s lives, and in fact the life of a whole town. It opens vulnerability everywhere," Cox says from her home in Spartanburg, South Carolina. "It seems like if it’s not vulnerable, it’s pretending; we’re all pretending to be something in front of the world and then something happens and it shows us who we are, hopefully. The beautiful thing to me is when we take a hard look at it and then live with that. If we don’t, then it seems like we’re lost."

The mystery that drives The Slow Moon took seed in Cox’s subconscious seven years ago.

"I watched the Columbine school shootings and I wanted to write something about that and I didn’t because every time I tried to make those boys gothic it didn’t work for me. So I made them regular boys who did something horrendous," she says. "I know that very often motives are looked for, but I’m not sure if we ever really understand. I think what drives people to do something like that is so deep that to apply a motive feels a little bit pretentious. We look for it and want it, but if we really look at it, it’s the need for something from the father or mother or for some connection within the family that comes out in violent ways in the community. But boy, that is a tight wire to walk."

Cox has long taught her students to "listen to their story" and let it develop organically. She neither plots nor prods her own fiction, but instead lets it linger in her subconscious until it is ready to make its appearance on the page.

"I read a lot of Carl Jung, and as I move into this, I just trust the unconscious and the messiness of it," she explains. "I have to stay with it long enough to find the sense of it, but it’s always deep sense. It doesn’t always make sense intellectually, but it does gutturally, and that’s the sense I always trust, the sense of the gut. That’s the deep pleasure of writing. It takes me a long time so I don’t have as many books as other people, but that’s what I do."

When her narrative threatens to become prosaic, Cox will inject a passage of stream-of-consciousness free verse to jolt herself and her readers awake. Here’s one: "She got up and went to the closet, lifted one of Carl’s sports jackets, trying to imagine where she would go if she left him. The idea lay in her mind like an egg, broken, its yolk running through her body, making yellow the dreams that came with leaving."

Huh? Cox laughs at the mention of her sneaky passages.

"If it’s going along too smoothly, I like to ripple the water," she admits. "You know how a poem hits you in the same place a joke hits you, not quite the gut but the midriff? If I’m going along and haven’t been to that place recently, I don’t do it on purpose but I know the words come in from the side and I write those down and think, yeah, that’s right for here. It doesn’t make all that much sense but it’s right for here. It’s a sign to go deeper. I’ve always thought that my job in life is to tell people that it’s more complicated than that."

Cox’s frustration at her own snail’s-pace process may be coming to an end. In January, she and husband C. Michael Curtis, a senior editor at the Atlantic, moved to Spartanburg to become co-chairs of humanities at Wofford College, freeing up more time for writing. She now has not one but two new novels in progress for the first time in her life.

"They’re very different and I have no idea if it’s the same book or if one precedes the other or if in understanding one you will understand the other," she says.

In short, it’s another fine mess, and she wouldn’t have it otherwise.

Jay MacDonald lives to write and writes to live in Mississippi.

 

If you reduced the novels, short stories and poetry of Elizabeth Cox to a bumper sticker, it would read: "Life is messy." It is the very untidiness of our ordinary lives, filled with unpredictable and uncontrollable acts of both cruelty and kindness, that consistently grabs…

Interview by

Somewhere in Edward P. Jones’ apartment, mixed in among his collections of American stamps and thimble-sized Japanese netsuke figurines, is a Pulitzer Prize for his 2003 debut novel, The Known World. The Washington, D.C., native moved just north of Georgetown following a book tour two years ago but has yet to unpack his sizable book collection or even acquire furniture. Forced to leave the Arlington, Virginia, apartment he’d called home for two decades due to noisy neighbors, he’s literally waiting for the other shoe to drop on this place before he commits.

"They assured me I wouldn’t have a noise problem because this place is carpeted, but last August I started hearing a lot of stomping and that really got me," he says. "I don’t want to take my stuff out of boxes if I’m going to have a noise problem."

It’s a problem he won’t have to worry about for a while. This fall, Jones is back on tour with All Aunt Hagar’s Children, his second extraordinary short story collection that explores the unseen Washington where African Americans struggle with poverty, racism and violence.

How do you follow a Pulitzer-winning performance like The Known World, a sprawling historical tour de force based on the little-known fact that freed blacks actually owned slaves? Jones found inspiration in the characters and storylines in his debut collection, Lost in the City, which garnered a National Book Award nomination nearly 15 years ago.

"You could read nine or 10 of the stories in Lost in the City and pick them up in some cases and continue them in All Aunt Hagar’s Children," he says. "I never thought about revisiting that place. It’s just one of those strange things that happen when you have an imagination. Once you start pulling out the thread of that big ball, it continues and continues and can go on until you just put a stop to it."

Written in Jones’ deceptively simple prose style, the 14 stories collected here crackle with life as the author explores the inner lives of dreamers, redeemers, rendered families and troubled souls who transit through the District. Jones focuses on the African-American sections, primarily north and northwest, where the grandsons and granddaughters of Southern sharecroppers eke out a living in the service industries. It’s an area Jones knows well.

Unlike Lost, which took place in ’60s and ’70s Washington, this collection spans the 20th century; as a result, many of the stories are prequels rather than sequels to their Lost companion pieces.

One of Jones’ great gifts is the telling detail, whether it’s the war-shocked Korean War vet who lovingly dresses the body of his ex-girlfriend for burial in "Old Boys, Old Girls," a Hi-C-sipping Satan in "The Devil Swims Across the Anacostia River" or an R-rated mynah bird who punctuates the title story with heat-of-passion exclamations.

If Lost in the City was modeled on James Joyce’s Dubliners, these expansive new stories, several of which emotionally qualify as novellas, carry a whiff of the fantastic that brings to mind Calvino or Borges, two authors Jones admits he has only read sparingly.

A peaceful sanctuary is particularly important to the 55-year-old bachelor and admitted homebody whose childhood was one of constant relocation within the nation’s capital. His mother, who worked minimum-wage jobs to feed her three children, could neither read nor write, but instilled in Jones a love of learning. Except for his college years at Holy Cross in Worchester, Massachusetts, where he earned an English degree, Jones has lived in and around Washington all his life.

In fact, nightmares of moving plague Jones to this day. A non-driver, he once said he would not want to own a car because he could not bring it into his apartment at night.

"You wonder, how can I get my whole life into this one room, or this one apartment, or the next apartment?" he says. "If I knew a way that I could write something that would kill off all those dreams, I would do it, but I don’t. My plan one day is to write a story that begins, ‘We never get over having been children.’ "

His Pulitzer Prize, followed quickly by a MacArthur Fellowship, gave Jones the freedom to write fulltime. Prior to that, he worked for 19 years summarizing articles for a nonprofit organization.

Jones develops his fiction entirely within his mind; he wrote only six pages of The Known World in 10 years "and three of those were the final chapter," he says. "I like knowing where a story is going to go before I sit down and start working," he explains. "That’s probably why I do a lot of things in my head. The way the world works, you never know when you might end up one day in a dungeon where there’s no paper available."

There’s one downfall to his method, however: "One of the problems of thinking it through all the way to the end is you second-guess yourself every other day."

Although Jones’ nonlinear storytelling makes his mental gymnastics seem all the more remarkable, for him it’s merely organizational origami. "I always thought that you try to kind of ball it up and not have it all in one straight line," he says. "You just had to pluck out the numbers and if you line the numbers up sequentially, you would come out with a linear story. It just so happens that I take those numbers, one through 10, and sort of ball them up there on the page."

Readers won’t find many autobiographical tidbits about Jones in his fiction; he’s saving those for his golden years.

"Although the second stories in both collections ["The First Day" in Lost; "Spanish in the Morning" in All Aunt Hagar’s Children] have a little bit of my own life in both of them, everything else in those collections is all made up. Maybe it’s good that I do that because one day when I have less of a brain, less of an imagination, then I can start using stuff about friends and my own life. But if I start using that stuff up now, once I get to the point where I have less of an imagination, what will I do?"

Jay MacDonald recently moved from Mississippi to Texas.

Somewhere in Edward P. Jones' apartment, mixed in among his collections of American stamps and thimble-sized Japanese netsuke figurines, is a Pulitzer Prize for his 2003 debut novel, The Known World. The Washington, D.C., native moved just north of Georgetown following a book tour…

Interview by

Stephen King has been scaring us silly for 35 years with the simplest premise: What if? For instance, what if dogs could kill (Cujo)? Or clowns (It)? Or telekinetic prom queens (Carrie)? Or a '58 Plymouth Fury (Christine)? Or cell phones (The Cell)?

The "what-if" behind King's haunting, horrific and ultimately transcendent new novel, Lisey's Story, is a decidedly personal one: What if I'd died after being hit by a minivan on that Maine country road in 1999?

King's accident made headlines worldwide and prompted many to wonder: Will he ever write at peak form again, and if so, what might his fertile imagination create out of his own near-death encounter?

Lisey's Story is our answer. At once King's most personal and most playful novel, it examines the quarter-century marriage of best-selling novelist Scott Landon through the eyes of his widow Lisey (pronounced LEE-see), two years after her husband's death. King uses pivotal moments in the marriage—an enchanted snowbound honeymoon, a Mark David Chapman-like assassination attempt at a Nashville library groundbreaking ceremony—as portals into the secret emotional sanctuary, complete with its own language, that the couple built together to keep the encroaching world at bay.

In life, Scott escaped his demons—including a horrific family madness that made his childhood a living hell—by retreating to Boo'ya Moon, a creative haven with its own internal logic. In Boo'ya Moon, all the bools (ritualized treasure hunts taken from King's own childhood) end with candy bars instead of bloodletting, and no bad-gunky (murderous rage) is allowed. After Scott's death, as Lisey sorts through his papers, she becomes the target of rabid academics (dubbed Incunks), and one fanatical fan in particular who will force her to return to Boo'ya Moon one last time for a fight to the finish.

What scares Stephen King? If we can read between the lines of Lisey's Story, it's the devastating effect his own untimely demise might have had on his wife and fellow novelist Tabitha, to whom this book is dedicated.

 

In an interview with BookPage, King cautions that Lisey's Story should not be read as autobiographical—for instance, the Kings have three children, the Landons are childless—but he admits that his own thoughts on mortality permeate the pages.

"Sure, there's no doubt about that. I had the accident, and then as kind of an outfall of the accident, two years later I had pneumonia because the bottom of my right lung was crumpled and nobody realized that. It got infected and that was very serious, that was actually closer [to death] than the accident. So I had some of those mortality issues," he says.

While he recuperated and weaned himself from pain medications, he started thinking about the unsung hero behind the artist.

"Spouses of creative people never get credit, and a lot of time they get the blame," he says. "There's that story about Robert Louis Stevenson's wife urging him to throw the first draft of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde into the fire, which he did, and then he wrote the thing again. What nobody ever suggests is that maybe she was right and that the second go-round was actually better than the first."

That said, King concedes that Tabitha King, who edits his books as he does hers, seems to have reservations about Lisey's Story.

"I don't think she's real crazy about this book, to tell you the truth," he says. "I think that she respects it and everything, but she's real quiet about this book. She says to me sometimes, 'Are you ever going to write about anything besides writers?' I do think sometimes she feels like I've gotten caught in a little bit of a warp there. And she may feel that it's a little close to the bone."

King, like his character Scott, is passionate about what he terms "the pool" from which we all draw the language to articulate our thoughts and feelings.

"It's a real, literal place; it isn't just some kind of an arty-farty, ephemeral deal. It makes a difference in the way we live and you can see it day to day," he says. "Every time a monster like Karl Rove crafts a phrase like 'flip-flop' or 'cut-and-run' and it becomes part of the language, he's going down to the pool and casting his net and saying, Look, this matters. And it does, because that gets amplified in the popular culture and becomes a factor in the way people perceive the political process and the way they vote."

King heaps the most scorn here on academics who dog the heels of famous writers, hoping for a rare scrap on which to build their own reputations. As one who has spent more than half his life as one of the world's most recognizable writers, does he simply ignore the critics, or does he feel underappreciated by the literary community precisely because he's, well, King of the hill?

"Sometimes I feel both ways," he says. "At the end of the year, the [New York] Times Book Review will do a list of the books of the year that mattered, and I always feel on some level that any book that sells X number of copies is de facto excluded because there's a feeling that once you sell a certain number of copies, you can't be good. It's like if too many people are reading you, some kind of mathematical formula comes into play which says ergo, the IQ of your book equals… you must be doing stuff on a James Patterson level. That's a little bit bothersome. But on another level, you just kind of dismiss that and say I'm going to do the best work that I can and try to ignore that and be very grateful that the bills are paid."

King admits part of him didn't want the writing of Lisey's Story to end. "I'm a fool for Lisey; I kind of fell in love with her. I'm working on a book now and I had trouble finding traction on anything after Lisey's Story because there's part of you that says it's going to be a long time, if ever, before I write anything this good again."

Jay MacDonald writes from Austin, Texas.

Stephen King has been scaring us silly for 35 years with the simplest premise: What if? For instance, what if dogs could kill (Cujo)? Or clowns (It)? Or telekinetic prom queens (Carrie)? Or a '58 Plymouth Fury (Christine)? Or cell phones (The Cell)? The "what-if" behind King's haunting, horrific and ultimately transcendent new novel, Lisey's Story, is a decidedly personal one: What if I'd died after being hit by a minivan on that Maine country road in 1999?

Interview by

Just weeks away from moving into her new dream home, best-selling mystery writer Elizabeth George is having second thoughts about the weather. Said dream home, you see, is situated on Whidbey Island in the shadow of the rainy Cascade Mountains of Washington State. She and her husband Tom have been overseeing its construction for three years from their Seattle condo and are ready to embrace the bucolic country life. Still, George is worried about the notorious Northwest rain—she’s afraid there may not be enough of it.

"I’m a [stormy] weather girl, I love weather," George admits. "The 34 years I spent in Southern California were really torture for me because I love it when it rains. I always have, ever since I was a child, because when it was rainy out, we were allowed to read and when it was sunny out, my mom always wanted us to go out and play. I’m exactly the opposite of most people; I find extended sunshine very, very depressing. It’s very weird."

Her atmospheric preference certainly helps lend a soaked-to-the-skin authenticity to her 14 best-selling British mysteries that feature noble-born Scotland Yard Inspector Thomas Lynley, his working-class assistant Barbara Havers and his wife, Lady Helen Clyde Lynley, who was shot and killed by a young assailant in last year’s shocker With No One as Witness.

Fans left wondering about Lady Helen’s murderer will be richly rewarded in What Came Before He Shot Her, a prequel of sorts that tracks the events leading up to the crime from the assailant’s point of view.

As the story opens, three siblings—15-year-old Ness Campbell, 11-year-old Joel and seven-year-old Toby—are left to fend for themselves in racially mixed North Kensington when their grandmother dumps them on their decidedly non-parental Aunt Kendra and jets back to Jamaica. When Ness becomes tragically involved with sex and drugs and Toby retreats into an imaginary world of his own, Joel tries desperately to keep his family out of the child welfare system by seeking protection from Blade, a neighborhood drug dealer. Events beyond his control eventually lead him to the Lynley doorstep in Belgravia with a pistol in his hand.

In Joel’s descent, the author explores some heartbreaking truths about disenfranchisement, race, poverty and the plight of children caught in a world they can neither understand nor escape.

"There are so many kids who are basically good people to whom life has dealt a very, very difficult hand of cards that they play as best they can, sometimes with tragic results," she says.

George initially planned to incorporate Joel’s story in With No One as Witness. "My original intention in the previous book was to create something called an hourglass plot, in which two parallel novels run along and then meet in one terrible moment in time, which of course would be Helen Lynley’s death, and then they go on their separate ways again," she explains. "But as I wrote, I began to see that, in order to do the Joel story justice, I was going to end up with a novel that was about 1,500 pages long with a cast of characters like something out of a Russian novel. I thought that what might be more interesting would be to remove the Joel story and then create an entire novel just about this little boy, so that’s what I did."

George is no stranger to working with children, having taught English for 14 years in Southern California. She’s also familiar with the Kensington area of London, where she’s had a flat since 1995. But it took a variety of influences to capture the Anglo-Caribbean patois of the streets.

"I have always watched a great deal of British television, so that was helpful. Also, having read a couple of novels where that was used also helped. The work of Courttia Newland, a young British writer, was extremely helpful to me, because his entire book, The Scholar, is written this way. I was able to examine that and see how he was structuring language," she says.

By now, George is comfortable being known as the most famous British writer who is not British—she was born in Ohio and raised in what is now California’s Silicon Valley. Still, new fans are often shocked to hear her American accent.

"Stylistically, I have always written more like a British or European writer than an American writer," she says. "Setting the books in England gives me much more leeway to do that, I think."

George became an Anglophile at an early age during the British invasion.

"It was right at the time that almost everything associated with pop culture in the United States was British in origin. There was the Beatles and all the groups that followed them, and Mary Quant from London was defining fashion, and motion pictures were introducing us to Michael Caine and Terence Stamp and the Redgraves. My cultural awareness was really informed by things British, so I had a natural interest and inclination toward that part of the world and it just never died."

Although her next novel will return to the Lynley series, George is open to attempting another stand-alone if the opportunity presents itself. "If I did a book similar to this, I would probably choose something tangentially related to another novel, and write that character’s story," she says.

Would this "British" writer ever set a novel in the U.S.?

"I wouldn’t shy away from it if I felt that I had a compelling story to tell in a location that really worked for me," George says. "Location is crucial to my books. I’ve been careful to go to places to make sure that I am going to feel that mystical or visceral connection that allows me to say yes, this is it, this is the place I’m going to write about."

A native of Washington State, Jay MacDonald now makes his home in sunny Austin, Texas.

 

Just weeks away from moving into her new dream home, best-selling mystery writer Elizabeth George is having second thoughts about the weather. Said dream home, you see, is situated on Whidbey Island in the shadow of the rainy Cascade Mountains of Washington State. She…

Interview by

During war, there are no holidays. But historian Stanley Weintraub knows well that holidays can affect the way war is waged, from the celebrated Christmas Truce of World War I to Hitler’s brutal attack during the final winter of World War II.

In his new book, 11 Days in December: Christmas at the Bulge, 1944, Weintraub shows how Hitler took advantage of the Allies’ Yuletide cheer to launch the 1944 surprise attack that became known as the Battle of the Bulge, one of the bloodiest clashes of the war.

So imminent was an Allied victory in those waning weeks of the European theater that some troops had already taken leave from the front to enjoy the holiday in Paris. Hitler was counting on just such a seasonal lapse as he secretly amassed his remaining ragtag divisions in the Ardennes Forest for one last offensive. The Nazis, short on strategy, were helped by 10 days of driving snow and rain that prompted Gen. George Patton’s famous plea to God, "Sir, whose side are you on?"

The weather cleared as Patton requested, Allied air strikes commenced, and ground troops converged to take Bastogne on Dec. 26, effectively ending Hitler’s conquest. As Weintraub illustrated in his two previous books, General Washington’s Christmas Farewell and Silent Night: The Remarkable Christmas Truce of 1914, Christmas and other religious observances often play pivotal roles in military history.

"The Japanese, for example, planned the Pearl Harbor attack for Sunday. Very often, major offensive surprise attacks occur on a Sunday because it is assumed that, in a largely Christian West, Sunday will be a time when people are less alert and will be doing other things," says Weintraub, the Evan Pugh Professor Emeritus of Arts and Humanities at Penn State.

The Germans were equally aware that, with the war in its 11th hour, Allied troops were less inclined to take risks. " The Germans would broadcast over loudspeakers, ‘How would you like to die for Christmas?’" he says. "They counted on a relaxation at Christmas, and they were quite right." The Allied commanders couldn’t have been more different in style or temperament. British Field Marshal Montgomery, whose troops had suffered most in the early years of the war, was a national hero and cautious to a fault. Omar Bradley, pulled from the Pacific theater, was a fish out of water. George Patton, a born warrior and deeply religious man, saw no contradiction in asking God for good killing weather.

"The real hero was George Patton. He was a fighting general and the troops loved him," says Weintraub. "He was certainly the most aggressive general, but he was off-the-wall; there was no one like him. When he was killed in an automobile crash at the end of the war, I think it might have been the best end for him because he was not a civilian. He was not the kind of person who could sit at a desk." Weintraub leavens his military history with celebrity cameos. Sultry Marlene Dietrich receives frostbite and lice in return for her Christmas goodwill tour to the front, where she exchanged intimate holiday greetings with several officers including Patton. David Niven, then an unknown British intelligence officer, tries to keep Allied codes current to thwart German spies. Even Kurt Vonnegut Jr. is spotted en route to Dresden his experiences there inspired Slaughterhouse-Five.

Weintraub saw two Christmases on the front lines first-hand as a soldier in the 8th Army Division in Korea. "Because the cultures were so different, we could not have a Christmas in which the enemy across the line celebrated, too," he says. The same holds true today in Iraq. Barring a sudden outbreak of hostilities between the United States and Canada, he sees little opportunity for Christmas to play a major role in wars to come.

"I don’t think it could happen today. The idea of a common Western culture in which Christmas is both a secular and a religious holiday shared by the enemy as well just can’t happen anymore."

Jay MacDonald will celebrate the holidays at his new home in Austin, Texas.

During war, there are no holidays. But historian Stanley Weintraub knows well that holidays can affect the way war is waged, from the celebrated Christmas Truce of World War I to Hitler's brutal attack during the final winter of World War II.

Interview by

With Jarhead, the unflinching account of his six-month tour of duty as a Marine scout/sniper during the first Gulf War, Anthony Swofford delivered furious broadsides at the inanity and insanity of modern warfare. From the moment his boots hit sand, he cursed his decision to follow his "family clan of manhood" into combat. When, after months of training to kill, the war ended practically before it began, Swofford returned home feeling shortchanged and sucker-punched.

Having purged himself of his battlefield bitterness by writing Jarhead at the Iowa Writers’ Workshop, Swofford returns with Exit A, a surprisingly fresh and playful fiction debut. Part coming-of-age story, part epic quest, Exit A is the flipside of Jarhead, told by those other casualties of war, the wives and children of America’s armed forces.

Part One is set in 1989 on a U.S. air base in Yokota, Japan, where high school football star Severin Boxx is fighting his attraction to Virginia Sachiko Kindwall, a half-Japanese teen siren whose father is both his coach and the base commander. Severin is torn between his loyalty to his coach and his curiosity about Virginia’s punk-rock life in Tokyo, which she accesses via the Exit A subway stop.

Her rebelliousness against her domineering father leads Virginia into a secret life of petty street crimes, a life into which she hopes to lure Severin. When she unwittingly becomes involved in an international kidnapping plot, Severin calls the Japanese police to rescue her. Instead, they throw her in prison, prompting Severin’s parents, who fear the general’s reprisal, to dispatch their son to an uncle in San Francisco.

In Part Two, 13 years later, Virginia is a social outcast living near the old Yokota base with an illegitimate daughter by a prison guard, and Severin, now married to academic wiz Aida, is squandering his doctorate by mowing lawns at Aida’s university. When the dying Gen. Kindwall contacts Severin from Vietnam for one last favor, it sets in motion a quest that ultimately reunites Severin and Virginia.

Swofford’s sexy, angst-ridden tale demonstrates an engaging new fiction voice trying out several themes at once. The fact that the whole of Exit A manages to congeal despite the disparity of its parts is testimony that Swofford’s truly got the stuff.

Did he feel pressure to further pursue the grim realities of soldiering, perhaps with a Jarhead II?

"Actually, I felt the need to ignore Jarhead," Swofford admits. "Jarhead was of no interest to me, really. There was a deliberate turn in a different direction in how the story is told, a female point of view and a view from the other side of war, from those left behind."

Swofford knows that landscape well. From age 4-8, he and his family lived on a base in Tokyo. "The aftermath of the [Vietnam] war for my father definitely colored my childhood, colored my home life," he says. "I think growing up on base truly qualifies as a subculture, one that is not regularly depicted or understood."

Exit A examines the cost of the choices we make, be it Gen. Kindwall’s fanatical devotion to discipline, his daughter’s rebelliousness or Severin’s indecisiveness. As in thermodynamics, every action in Exit A has an equal and opposite reaction.

" It was an assessment of my late teen years in a way," Swofford says. "I wanted to capture these fascinating years, 17 and 18, where there is a lot of anxiety about what one is going to do in the world and what one’s place is. And there is the anxiety and excitement of leaving home and the influence of your parents."

Although Part One leads the reader to expect to see the young lovers reunite, these two characters obviously didn’t get the memo. In fact, even when they do meet, we’re never quite sure of their own motives, much less each other’s. Does Severin have lingering feelings for Virginia, or is he merely using Gen. Kindwall’s summons as a convenient excuse to pull the plug on his marriage? Does Virginia love him, or merely want a father for her daughter?

"I never answer it specifically," Swofford says. "He has fondness for Virginia, but he also has this fondness for her father. His own father is dead and he is attempting to make reparations with Gen. Kindwall."

Swofford is now a happy civilian who has been living in New York City for the past two years. "It’s really the first time in my adult life that I’ve been in one habitat for longer than nine or 10 months, and that’s very settling," he says. " There is a regularity to how I’m living and working that is both satisfying and good."

He still receives cards, letters and e-mails about Jarhead from soldiers serving in Iraq. How has a soldier’s lot changed in the 16 years since he took part in Desert Storm?

"What is different, obviously, is the carnage, the length of the war and what is happening politically in America because of the war," he says. "That changes the meaning of the war for the people who fight, and that’s important when you come home and you perhaps have lost friends or been injured yourself and need to attach some kind of meaning to the war. That’s a major difference. The meaning of this war is, as of yet, undecided."

Swofford sees no easy solution to America’s involvement in Iraq. "I never thought we should have gone, but I do think that if we stay, we have to put more troops on the ground, because obviously what we’re doing now isn’t working. Security has to improve, and the only way that will happen with our assistance is with 100,000 more troops on the ground. But I’m not sure that Americans can stomach that, both in terms of cost and the loss of American and Iraqi lives."

Jay MacDonald writes from Austin, Texas.

 

With Jarhead, the unflinching account of his six-month tour of duty as a Marine scout/sniper during the first Gulf War, Anthony Swofford delivered furious broadsides at the inanity and insanity of modern warfare. From the moment his boots hit sand, he cursed his decision to…

Interview by

Daniel Alarcón was just a toddler when his family emigrated from Lima, Peru, to Birmingham, Alabama, in 1980. It took his parents, both physicians, four years to finally decide that the growing insurrection by the communist Shining Path posed a greater threat to their family than did whatever cultural adjustments might await them in the United States. The family acclimated well, but news from back home grew increasingly disturbing, filled as it was with whispers of grim atrocities, unthinkable brutality on both sides, and the "disappeared" who were taken away, never to be seen again. One day, the war pierced the heart of the Alarcón family: Daniel’s uncle Javier, a radical leftist who opposed the Shining Path, had disappeared. The family would eventually learn that he was killed in 1989.

"For us, the war did not become a real thing, isolated as we were in the suburbs of a quiet American city, until then," Alarcón recalls. "When that happened, it shook everything in my family."

His uncle’s disappearance forms the emotional framework of Alarcón’s debut novel, Lost City Radio, a somber, moving elegy to all souls similarly erased or displaced by war, poverty or ideology.

Set in a factional, fictional Latin American country, Lost City Radio takes its title from a radio program in the capital city hosted by Norma, whose beloved husband Rey disappeared 10 years earlier during the waning days of a brutal civil war. Norma’s late-night voice soothes and comforts a post-traumatized nation as she reads the names of missing persons on the air, secretly hoping one day that she and Rey will be among the program’s tearful reunions. Norma is careful never to mention the insurgent Illegitimate Legion or the war itself, all strictly forbidden by the repressive government. But when 11-year-old Victor arrives from village 1797 (the victorious regime replaced town names with numbers) carrying a list of the "disappeared," Norma notices among the names an alias once used by Rey.

So begins an epic quest as the unlikely duo journey back to Victor’s village in search of answers to Rey’s disappearance and his possible relationship to the young boy. Through flashbacks to the civil war, we learn about "the Moon," a concentration camp where the "disappeared" suffered unspeakable horrors. Rey’s fate is slowly revealed and the list of the missing from village 1797 is eventually read as the author skillfully illuminates how the war has touched and implicated everyone from urban intellectuals to jungle dwellers.

Alarcón, who studied anthropology at Columbia, returned to his homeland in 2001 as a Fulbright Scholar in Peru, where much of the research for the novel was done.

"A radio show like that exists in Peru, and when I was living in Lima, I was a big fan of the show," he recalls from his home in Oakland, California, where he is a distinguished visiting writer at Mills College. "It’s totally apolitical and it’s saccharine, lots of string music, totally a sonic lullaby, but the actual premise is so fascinating and the reunions that were effected on the show were just harrowing. When I started doing research for the novel, I found that there are shows like this all over—in Nigeria, some parts of Russia, Pakistan."

Though he did not live in Peru during the Shining Path insurrection, which peaked in the early 1990s, the stories he collected while visiting various parts of the country a decade later are still unforgettable.

" I remember being in a restaurant in Ayacucho and the owner would come over to talk to us and end up telling us a story of an execution he’d seen," Alarcón recalls. "One family learned that I had studied anthropology and brought me a list of these people and said, You’re an anthropologist. We need someone to help us dig up a grave. I was 23 years old."

Alarcón returned to the U.S. to earn an M.F.A. from the Iowa Writer’s Workshop in 2003. His heralded short-story collection, War by Candlelight, was a finalist for the 2006 PEN/Hemingway prize. The war in his native Peru figures in many of his stories; they are his way of coming to terms with how it changed his life, even from a distance. " One of the things that happens when you’re an immigrant is, you create a vision of your country where all the food tastes good, everyone is friendly, the music is tender, and you forget what it is that was actually happening there and the reasons why you decided to leave," he says.

Alarcón chose to set Lost City Radio in a nonspecific Latin American nation to underscore how widespread the experience of war and terrorism has become in the region. Is there a lesson here for America?

"I think so," he says. "All our energy right now is focused on the Middle East and we’re not thinking about Latin America, and I think that’s a mistake. A lot of what’s happening in Latin America right now is related to what’s happening in the Middle East; the leftward swing, for example, is totally a rejection of American foreign policy in the other region. I would like Latin America not to get lost in the shuffle as we try to put out fires in various parts of the world, fires that in many cases we started."

With this novel, Alarcón has accomplished a sort of literary equivalent of Norma’s radio program. Although cloaked in fiction, it acknowledges the fact of that brutal civil war and the importance of speaking out about what’s happening, especially in times of fear and repression.

" For a long time, these things weren’t talked about, these stories weren’t told," he says. "The fact of the naming is therapeutic even. It’s a book about widespread amnesia, deliberate amnesia, putting everything in a box and just forgetting about it. This book is about telling the stories that people didn’t want to hear before, that were inconvenient to hear. The simple fact that they are being told represents some form of progress."

Jay MacDonald writes from Austin, Texas.

Daniel Alarcón was just a toddler when his family emigrated from Lima, Peru, to Birmingham, Alabama, in 1980. It took his parents, both physicians, four years to finally decide that the growing insurrection by the communist Shining Path posed a greater threat to their family…

Sign Up

Stay on top of new releases: Sign up for our newsletter to receive reading recommendations in your favorite genres.

Trending Features